has been documented in other places where there were also shrines to the goddess Cybele who have remained in the area place names that make us think that the buildings were very close to them where bulls grazed exclusively who were cared for exclusively destined for ritual sacrifice or taurobolium.
The term is Bovalar, Boal, Boualares: Pasture dedicated exclusively to the oxen that are prepared for the ritual slaughter or taurobolium.
REPRESENTATION IN PEDESTAL
taurobolium ARA OF ROME
Belief in the healing properties of the baptism of blood made of very common practice in antiquity, especially in the second and third centuries AD. The building, designed for a possible repeat of the ritual in short time, must allow a large number of sacrifices at their most popular.
taurobolium SECTION IN VAULT
In taurobolium was the sacrifice of a bull on the top floor of the building, on the central part of the crypt and the hole that allowed the fall of the animal's blood on pool downstairs. Once the animal died, the priests walked down a staircase of communication that was on the wall West a container with the sexual organs of the bull and placed it in the niches that exist in the walls of the crypt, on both sides of the pool.
TAUOBOLIO RITUAL IMAGE
taurobolium
The ritual, besides being the most important moment of the spring festivals of the goddess Cybele practiced throughout the year requested by the devotees of the goddess who were ill or in danger of death.
Cibeles architecture solves an act constructively as complex as a taurobolium and subsequent practice. Aurelius Clemens Prudentius
(348-410 AD) poet hispanolatino. She had a great scriptural scholarship and classical culture. He is considered one of the best Christian poets of antiquity.
This is his description of a taurobolium:
"The high priest opens a hole in the ground and placed in the bottom to make the sacrifice and then to gird his temples with wonderful bands and festivals, is adorned with gold crown , wearing her silk robe, girt with the girdle of Gabeis. Pónenle spread over a platform and drilling in their logs. Conan and then refine the surface. pierce the wood often needlefish to give safe passage to the many small holes. then bring a bull and bristling grim face, beloved of garlands, the subject of loins and horn. shines with gold own victims, and gold bracts like arrows fired flares. After placing the animal in this place to inmolaría, crossing his chest with the holy spear. The wide wound throws a flood of warm blood, and the intricacies of this sea that melts down a river of steaming vapors. For the thousand paths of a thousand rains this rotten spray holes. Sunk beneath the trench priest collects the drops, putting his head under her dress and her whole body. Back then cast forth to offer his face. Introduce the cheeks, then ears, then noses, lips, and eyes dancing in the liquid and does not condone the language palate, to imbibe all in black blood. To harden in bleeding corpse, the Flamin it manages the platform. It stands there then the Pope, of terrible aspect. Shows his wet head, his heavy beard, his bands wet, his clothes drunk with blood. Gross lack of such contacts, dirty pestilence the fresh slaughter, far and with respect, and revere all greet you, because the blood of a bull killed vile washed it while hidden in the cave ugly " (Peristeph. X 1006-1050, trans. BAYO M. Joseph).
Rome series, coproduced by American pay channel HBO, the BBC and Italy's RAI, shot around the modern city of Rome in 2004 has been designated by specialists in history from their successes and mistakes. One of them has been the scene of the first chapter, in which Atia, the mother of the future emperor Augustus, Cybele practiced a taurobolium to protect your child from the dangers that lurk, while asking the oracle of the goddess response on the immediate future of his son.
Quite a few fans of the series have pointed out that this scene is anachronistic, since there is no evidence on the practice of this special ritual in Rome until two centuries later. No reasons exist to the goddess Cybele votive for a taurobolium until the early second century AD
The writers present us with a magnificent ritual, well documented, y con una puesta en escena con todos los elementos que el tautobolio contaba.
La diosa Cibeles, la Magna Mater, estaba presente en la ciudad de Roma que revive la serie, su influjo era muy próximo al que fue el primer emperador. Augusto construyó su casa en el Palatino entre los templos de Cibeles y Apolo, y adoptó a ambos como sus dioses protectores.
La propia residencia del emperador contaba en sus muros con hermosas pinturas que presentaban de forma alegórica a Cibeles y sus elementos simbólicos. Por ello no es descabellado imaginar una relación directa de la familia Julia con la diosa Cibeles y sus rituales.
Sin embargo y a pesar de la posible anacronía de la escena del taurobolio, podemos ver en ella elementos that in later centuries were characteristic of temples dedicated to the goddess and the ritual they practiced. We recognize a great job of artistic director of this singular scene.
escenografita Those responsible had to ask was possible to run with the ritual and that form should sort the items to put into practice.
Atia, the devotee of the Magna Mater, is situated under a canopy of four columns and half-buried in a pool. About it in an upper floor is the bull, adorned with garlands and held by the butcher to kill it. In doing so the animal's blood falls on Atia, receiving the bath ritual.
The scene is accompanied by the eunuch priests of Cybele, the Galli, who perform orgiastic dances, and the whole scene is directed by the archigalli, the high priest.
Atia
Then out of the pool and the archigalli requests issued by the oracle on the future of his son, who is favorable, the scene ends with Atia immersed in another pool of clear water, removing traces of blood your body.
The efforts of the directors of the series allows us to understand better how we should be temples where Cybele was practiced Riitta, view their special architecture, which allowed the baptism of blood, at times continuously, and what were the necessary building blocks.
In the scene we see:
The set of pit and canopy that allow the sacrifice of a bull on the devotee.
The need for large numbers running water to clean the blood in the pit. (Fossa sanguinis)
The existence of a pool of clean water for cleaning the devotee.
These elements have been found in few places in the empire, one which still preserved and can be studied is Santa Eulalia de Dome in Lugo.
can imagine, through the scene of the series, and supported by the text Peristephanon Prudencio X written in the late fourth century, as practiced by the rites of Cybele in this section instead of the Empire.
<< Cuando se disponen a consagrar al sumo sacerdote, lo llevan a un pozo profundo excavado bajo el suelo, maravillosamente adornado con una banda, sus sienes festivas ceñidas por guirnaldas, recogido el cabello bajo una corona de oro y portando una toga de seda recogida con un cíngulo (…) Ponen encima una tarima con anchos espacios (…) taladran la superficie (…) de forma que toda la tarima aparece picada de pequeños agujeros (…) Luego es conducido hasta allí un enorme toro, bravo y sin domar en apariencia, con los flancos cubiertos de guirnaldas entretejidas y con los cuernos envainados, de forma que el testuz del animal brilla con reflejos dorados y la pelambre se ve engalanada con el brillo de las placas metálicas. Luego, como está ordenado, se dará muerte en aquel lugar a la bestia, y para ello hincan una espada sagrada en su pecho. De la herida abierta mana un chorro de sangre caliente, y el humeante manantial se derrama sobre la tarima y la inunda, cayendo luego debajo (…) (y) manchándose [el sacerdote] vergonzosamente los vestidos y todo el cuerpo (…) Luego retiran los sacerdotes de la celosía el cuerpo del toro, que, por la pérdida de la sangre, empieza a ponerse rígido, y sale el pontífice, con su horrible aspecto, mostrando su cabeza manchada, la barba cuajada de sangre, sus bandas chorreantes y sus sucios atavíos. Y al verlo así manchado e infecto, sucio de la sangre del reciente sacrificio, todos le saludan y veneran desde cierta distancia, porque la sangre impía y un toro muerto lo han bañado mientras permanecía oculto en la repugnante cueva >> Peristephanon X, PRUDENCIO
Watch video: taurobolium, where a sequence of the series Rome staged the ritual of Cybele.
0 comments:
Post a Comment